{"id":6410,"date":"2022-05-02T19:33:00","date_gmt":"2022-05-02T17:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ipsi.cat\/elfil\/?p=6410"},"modified":"2022-05-04T11:40:30","modified_gmt":"2022-05-04T09:40:30","slug":"sistema-immunitari-per-que-tenim-diferents-mecanismes-de-defensa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ipsi.cat\/elfil\/sistema-immunitari-per-que-tenim-diferents-mecanismes-de-defensa\/","title":{"rendered":"Sistema immunitari: per qu\u00e8 tenim diferents mecanismes de defensa?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Com cada any, els alumnes de 1r de Batxillerat s\u2019enfronten al treball de recerca, en el qual han d\u2019aprofundir en un tema del seu inter\u00e8s al qual hauran de dedicar alguns esfor\u00e7os. \u00c9s un projecte que es comen\u00e7a a mitjans del primer curs i s\u2019acaba el segon curs de Batxillerat. \u00c9s un treball que s\u2019ha d\u2019encarar amb paci\u00e8ncia, vist que es va topant amb molts problemes ja en els primers passos. Durant la tria del tema ja es poden cometre errors, com seria escollir un tema del qual no hi ha massa informaci\u00f3 ni a la xarxa ni als llibres. Com es pot veure, doncs, no \u00e9s nom\u00e9s agafar una q\u00fcesti\u00f3 que sembli interessant sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 que tingui una gran quantitat d\u2019informaci\u00f3 darrere. Per aquesta ra\u00f3, vaig escollir pel meu treball de recerca: l\u2019evoluci\u00f3 del sistema immunitari hum\u00e0. En altres paraules, en aquest treball s\u2019hi pot trobar els aspectes m\u00e9s importants de la immunitat humana, \u00e9s a dir, com el nostre cos es protegeix de les malalties, i tamb\u00e9 com s\u2019han arribat a obtenir certs mecanismes de defensa, mitjan\u00e7ant un proc\u00e9s evolutiu (a partir d\u2019un ancestre lluny\u00e0 fins a l’\u00e9sser hum\u00e0).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"sistema
Representaci\u00f3 del virus de la COVID-19<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Un tema com aquest, cada vegada m\u00e9s present en les nostres vides arran de la pand\u00e8mia, podria semblar f\u00e0cil de redactar i aprofundir, per\u00f2 no va ser aix\u00ed. Quan s\u2019escull un afer on hi ha molta recerca cient\u00edfica en proc\u00e9s, pot ser dif\u00edcil tant entendre el que expliquen els articles cient\u00edfics, els blogs o els llibres d\u2019immunologia, com poder discernir si el que s\u2019est\u00e0 llegint t\u00e9 una base cient\u00edfica o \u00e9s fals. Es busca un treball curi\u00f3s de llegir per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 rigor\u00f3s amb la informaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A poc a poc, vaig anar aprofundint, cada vegada entenent millor com funcionava el cos hum\u00e0, com es protegia i com vam arribar a tenir els mecanismes de defensa actuals partint d\u2019un organisme microsc\u00f2pic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Com m\u00e9s coneixia, m\u00e9s m\u2019adonava que la meva hip\u00f2tesi: potser els individus que viuen en un mateix ambient tenen els mateixos mecanismes de defensa perqu\u00e8 estem rodejats dels mateixos microorganismes; no era certa. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A partir d\u2019aqu\u00ed, s\u2019havia d\u2019encarar el treball d\u2019una forma diferent i buscar una soluci\u00f3, per aix\u00f2 vaig recercar les raons per les quals la meva tesi era falsa. En vaig trobar quatre de principals que em van permetre entendre millor el nostre sistema immunitari i la seva relaci\u00f3 amb el medi extern. Potser si no hagu\u00e9s hagut de refutar la meva hip\u00f2tesi, no hauria apr\u00e8s tan b\u00e9 el funcionament d\u2019aquest sistema.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A m\u00e9s a m\u00e9s, a banda d\u2019una part te\u00f2rica, tamb\u00e9 s\u2019ha de presentar una part pr\u00e0ctica que vaig utilitzar com a suport per poder acabar d\u2019entendre per qu\u00e8 la hip\u00f2tesi no era certa. Vaig aprofitar per fer preguntes que no es podien trobar a les xarxes, i tamb\u00e9 per poder fonamentar les meves conclusions en declaracions d\u2019experts del camp de la immunologia i l\u2019evoluci\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tot el treball no nom\u00e9s va servir per assimilar autodid\u00e0cticament dues branques de la biologia sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 per definir un pensament cr\u00edtic: poder decidir si la informaci\u00f3 que es posa en el treball \u00e9s certa o no. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Per acabar, el treball de recerca obre les portes al m\u00f3n universitari i adult. L\u2019objectiu \u00e9s que l\u2019alumne pugui aprendre de manera diferent  a  com est\u00e0 acostumat, on ell mateix ha de tra\u00e7ar el seu cam\u00ed, ja no anir\u00e0 acompanyat, un fet que pot ser tant negatiu com positiu. Durant el treball hi ha un proc\u00e9s de maduraci\u00f3 al qual potser no es dona import\u00e0ncia per\u00f2, realment, \u00e9s una de les bases d\u2019aquest projecte. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"immunitat<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Podeu llegir m\u00e9s sobre treballs de recerca aqu\u00ed.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El treball de recerca com a proc\u00e9s de maduraci\u00f3 acad\u00e8mica<\/p>\n

Read More<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6413,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"wpupg_custom_link":[],"wpupg_custom_link_behaviour":[],"wpupg_custom_link_nofollow":[],"wpupg_custom_image":[],"wpupg_custom_image_id":[],"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[93,281,1],"tags":[81,86,133,366,367,73,65],"class_list":{"0":"post-6410","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-darreres-publicacions","8":"category-treballs-de-recerca-del-curs-20-21","9":"category-general","10":"tag-ipsi","11":"tag-escola","12":"tag-recerca","13":"tag-immunitat","14":"tag-defenses","15":"tag-batxillerat","16":"tag-alumnes","17":"entry"},"yoast_head":"\nEl 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